5 BBoron
Atomic Weight: 10.811Shells: 2,3
Group: Non-MetalFilling orbital: 2p1
Crystal Structure: RhombohedralCovalent radius: 0.82 Å
Oxidation States: +3Atomic radius: 1.17 Å
Electronegativity, Pauling: 2.04Atomic volume: 4.6 cm³/mol
State at RT: SolidFirst ionization potential: 8.298 V
Melting Point: 2573°K2nd ionization potential: 25.154 V
Boiling Point: 3931°K3rd ionization potential: 37.93 V
Density @ 2.34°K: 5.72 g/cm³Specific heat: 1.02 J/gK
Electrical conductivity: 1.0e-12 106/cm ohmHeat of vaporization: 489.70 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.270 W/cmKHeat of fusion: 50.20 kJ/mol
Element Nuclides
NuclideAbundance WeightSpinHalf-Life Decay Modes
B1019.7%10.01293Stable
B1180.3%11.00931.5Stable

Name origin: From borax and carbon.
Description: Yellow-brown non-metallic crystal.
Discovered by: H. Day, J.L. Gay-Lussac, L.J. Thenard
Year: 1828
Location: England/France
Sources: Obtained from kernite, a kind of borax (Na2B4O7·10H2O).
Uses: Used with titanium & tungsten to make heat resistant alloys for jets & rockets.


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