The Formal Abstract (submitted for publication) must be typed on 8.5" x 11" white paper with a letter quality printer using standard 10-12 point font and black type. The abstract must be single-spaced and left justified, with the following margins:
The abstract should be adequate in length, but not exceed the space outlined by the margins given.
The Formal Abstract should include the following information as a heading.
(See also the Formal Abstract Example.)
Include one line of space between the heading and the body of the abstract.
Your abstract will be PUBLISHED as submitted.
Your abstract will be accepted only if it conforms to the guidelines described above. Do not submit abstract via FAX or photocopy from the original. Either:
NOTE: Abstracts of all participants will be published in the program booklet and may be used for other ASHSSS-related purposes.
Below you will find an example of a completed Formal Abstract.
A Test of The Competitive
Exclusion Theory in Two Related Species of Butterflies. Sarah Dioski, 135
Main Street, Oil City, PA 16215.
Oil City High School, Oil City, PA.
Teacher and/or Sponsor: Mrs. Georgiana Spallanzi/Mr. Joseph Pascale.
The food habits of larval butterflies of two related species, Papilio splendens and Papilio blanchii in a zone of overlap near Oil City, PA were examined. The theory of competitive exclusion predicts that food habits of closely related species should not overlap significantly where the differing species occur together. Transects in five different habitats were used to determine food and habitat preferences in wild populations. Captive caterpillars were offered various foods in the laboratory; weight changes of foods and caterpillars were examined daily. Food habits in overlapping habitats were significantly different between the two species (ANOVA p = 0.001). Food habits in non-overlapping habitats were not significantly different (ANOVA p = 0.52). There were no differences in food preferences (ANOVA p = 0.76) or growth rates (ANOVA p = 0.88) from different foods used in laboratory maintained populations. These species are able to coexist because they are not competing for the same and limited food resources in the same area. These results support the theory of competitive exclusion because the two species did not use the same food resources in the same habitats.