Chemistry 451

Lecture #28: Fatty Acid Biosynthesis, Regulation of Fatty Acid Metabolism

Read: pg. 582-593 Optional Reading: membrane lipid and cholesterol biosynthesis

For your Listening Pleasure: Fatty Acid Biosynthesis

HW (Due Wed, Nov 29): pg. 609 (study exercises 6,7, 8) and Vote on Schedule Change Please put poster or slide presentation into public folder

 

Exam II on Wed., Nov 22;

Exam will cover everything since last exam except for lipid biosynthesis. Focus on quiz, presentations and objectives from lectures on Citric Acid Cycle through Fatty Acid oxidation

 

Objectives:

  1. Fatty acid synthesis is endergonic and reductive. It uses ATP for energy and NADPH as a reductant.
  2. Know similarities and differences between fatty acid oxidation and fatty acid synthesis. What is the regulatory significance of these differences?
  3. Explain the shuttle systems for transporting fatty acids into the mitochondrion (fatty acyl carnitine antiport) and acetyl CoA into the cytosol (Tricarboxylate transport system)? Review pyruvate/H+ symport (transports pyruvate into mito for TCA cycle), malate/aspartate shuttle (transports oxaloacetate to cytosol for gluconeogenesis).
  4. Know the major mechanisms of regulating fatty acid metabolism in humans (Fig. 19-27; pg. 591).

Potential Presentation Topics:

Loftus TM, Jaworsky DE, Frehywot GL, Townsend CA, Ronnett GV, Lane MD, Kuhajda FP. Reduced food intake and body weight in mice treated with fatty acid synthase inhibitors. Science. 2000 Jun 30;288(5475):2379-81. (AWESOME)!

Sea MM, Fong WP, Huang Y, Chen ZY. Weight cycling-induced alteration in fatty acid metabolism. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2000 Sep;279(3):R1145-55.

Moibi JA, Ekpe ED, Christopherson RJ. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase activity and immunodetectable protein in adipose tissues of ruminants: effect of temperature and feeding level. J Anim Sci. 2000 Sep;78(9):2383-92.

And then there was Leptin!!

Campfield LA, Smith FJ, Guisez Y, Devos R, Burn P. Recombinant mouse OB protein: evidence for a peripheral signal linking adiposity and central neural networks. Science. 1995 Jul 28;269(5223):546-9.

Halaas JL, Gajiwala KS, Maffei M, Cohen SL, Chait BT, Rabinowitz D, Lallone RL, Burley SK, Friedman JM. Weight-reducing effects of the plasma protein encoded by the obese gene. Science. 1995 Jul 28;269(5223):543-6.

Pelleymounter MA, Cullen MJ, Baker MB, Hecht R, Winters D, Boone T, Collins F. Effects of the obese gene product on body weight regulation in ob/ob mice. Science. 1995 Jul 28;269(5223):540-3.