Chemistry 104

Lecture #14: Carbohydrates Read: pg. 400-402 (Addition of alcohols to carbonyl groups) AND read next week's lab (lab 8) - it will help with the quiz

pg. 501-521

HW: pg. 521-524 (2,6,9,10, 15,17,19,29,39a,b,49,50)

QUIZ NEXT CLASS

Objectives:
  1. Know that -ose means sugar and the prefix (tri, tet, pent, hex) specifies how many carbons are in the sugar.
  2. Know why sugars are called polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones.
  3. Know definitions of disaccharide, polysaccaride, aldose, ketose, mutarotation and glycosidic linkage.
  4. Know that in D sugars the -OH on the next to the last C (the pentultimate C) points to the right and on L sugars this -OH group points to the left.
  5. Know that D and L is unrelated to dextro (+) and levorotary (-) optical activity.
  6. Recognize a sugar in its open chain and a and b ring configurations. (a : the OH points down; and, b : the OH points up)
  7. Know that glycogen ("animal starch") is a polymer of glucose and is hydrolyzed to glucose (blood sugar).
  8. Know that cellulose is also a polymer of glucose but that it can't be hydrolyzed by humans.
  9. Know that the form of starch (a glycosidic linkages) differs from cellulose (b glycosidic linkages) and how form affects the function of these giant molecules.