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p-101. "Wife and Husband" Charms. Bering Sea
Eskimo.
Face charms were attached inside the cockpits
of some Eskimo kayaks to protect the hunter from harmful spirits.
Similar to charms representing "the wife" (frown) and
"the husband" (smile) used for protecting the home,
this pair protected the ocean traveler. (more info pg.163)
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p-102. Lances.
When an animal was exhaused by struggling
against the harpoon, it was approached and killed with a lance
(above, with chert blade) that could only be used from
an umiak, and, south of Bering Strait, the repeating lance. The
latter could be rearmed for multiple thrusts (bottom).
(more info pg.161)
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p-103. Barbed harpoon heads.
Two types of harpoon technology are used in
the North Pacific: barbed and toggling. The simplest, distributed
mostly in ice-free waters, is the nontoggling (barbed) or "male"
harpoon point that holds an animal by its barbs. It is the most
ancient form, dating back to paleolithic times. It consisted
of a bone, antler, or ivory point with a row of barbs along one
or both sides, and a base that had a hole or flange to which
a line was tied. The butt end of the head fit into a socket at
the front end of the weapon shaft. (more info pg.160)
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